Since God is Spirit, He is invisible and unrestricted by physical space, yet Scripture never denies that He has a body. Throughout the Bible, God is described with a face, eyes, ears, mouth, hands, feet, hair, and back parts, and He speaks, eats, walks, and moves in a specific location. Because man was created in God's image and likeness, we understand His form through humanity, as the consistent use of tselem, demooth, and icon denotes bodily resemblance. Hebrews 1:3 calls Christ the express image of God's person, using hypostasis, meaning substance. After His resurrection, Jesus showed He had flesh and bones, tangible and solid. Thus, God possesses a real, spiritual body with distinct form and shape.

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God's Non-Transmittable Attributes (Part Two): Omnipresence

Bible Study by Martin G. Collins

Since God is spiritual, He is not restricted to any spatial dimension in the physical realm. He is always present everywhere and at any time with His whole Being. The Bible describes God with body parts similar to those of humans, confirming that He has shape and form, which manifests in a specific location. Both the Father and the Son, while being united in mind and purpose, have autonomous bodies.

Image and Likeness of God (Part Two)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The goal of Christianity has been altered, leading to significant doctrinal adjustments, including the understanding of God's nature. It is now taught that the Godhead is a mysterious, unexplainable essence, closed to expansion, with no room for us to be part of it as God is God. Despite Jesus revealing God as the Father and Himself as the Son, showing a familial relationship, the new teaching denies that we, as children of God with His Spirit, will be in His image. God's form and shape, as described in the Bible, are often spiritualized away to support false doctrines, rendering His true nature incomprehensible and vague. Yet, why not accept what God says about His appearance with the same readiness as other teachings? God's revelations consistently show Him with form and shape like a man, providing a clear pattern for us to understand Him and our potential. Jesus, upon resurrection, emphasized His corporeality to His disciples, showing He was not a ghost but had flesh and bone, tangible and solid. He was restored to the glorious body He had before, as the model for Adam, composed of spirit but maintaining a recognizable shape and form. We are to be transformed to be like His glorious body, indicating that He possesses a body even now. Throughout the scriptures, from Genesis to the New Testament, God appears to various individuals—Abraham, Moses, the seventy elders, Gideon, Manoah and his wife, Job, Isaiah, Amos, and others—consistently described as having the appearance of a man. He is shown with feet, a voice, a face, hands, a waist, and a back, engaging in human-like actions such as eating and conversing. These accounts affirm His solid, tangible presence. In visions and encounters, such as the transfiguration of Jesus and Stephen's vision, God's form remains unchanged, still recognizable as a man, not an essence or vapor. The redeemed are promised to see His face in the kingdom of God, with no need for figures of speech or disguises, confirming that He has a face and a form like ours. The Bible's testimony, supported by numerous witnesses who saw God with their natural eyes, clearly presents Him as having bodily form and parts, not as a spiritual nothing. This revelation is plain enough that even the unconverted can comprehend aspects of God's nature through visible creation, particularly in how we, as humans, reflect His image and likeness bodily. Thus, God must have a body, an outward form and shape, as evidenced by the consistent usage of terms like tselem, demooth, and icon, which denote observable physical characteristics.

God the Father (Part 1)

Sermon by Martin G. Collins

God is Spirit, having no physical or measurable form, and thus is invisible. Yet, He possesses a form and shape, as revealed in various scriptures where God is described with a face, eyes, ears, mouth, arms, legs, hands, fingers, feet, toes, and hair on His head. Since man was made in His image and likeness, we understand what God looks like through the form and shape of humanity. If manifested, God the Father and Jesus Christ, now glorified in heaven, would appear with faces as bright as the full strength of the sun, eyes like flames of fire, feet like burnished brass, and hair white as snow, as seen in visions. Although God is Spirit and normally invisible to the human eye, Daniel was permitted to see the Ancient of Days, God the Father, in a vision, seated with a garment white as snow and hair like pure wool, His throne a fiery flame. This confirms that even as a Spirit Being, God the Father retains a distinct form and shape in the spiritual realm. Jesus conveyed that God cannot be confined to one place nor conceived as a material being, unable to be represented by idols or abstract concepts since He is not material. God does not dwell in physical temples made with hands, nor is He worshipped with human hands as though He needed anything, for He gives life and breath to all. True worshippers must worship the Father in spirit and truth, as He demands pure, holy, and spiritual worship.

Image and Likeness of God (Part One)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

God has clearly revealed Himself through His Word, asserting that He possesses form and shape. In Genesis 1:26-27, it is stated that God created man in His own image and likeness, indicating a physical resemblance, not merely a character trait. This foundational truth establishes that mankind reflects God's form, as He Himself inspired the scriptures to convey this reality. Despite human tendencies to question or spiritualize these plain statements, the consistent use of terms like "tselem" (image) and "demooth" (likeness) across various scriptures, such as Genesis 5:1-3 and Ezekiel 1, reinforces that these words denote a concrete, bodily resemblance when applied to both God and human creations like idols. Scriptures affirm that God is not a man that He should lie, as seen in Numbers 23:19 and I Samuel 15:29, emphasizing His trustworthiness in describing His own nature. Unlike human assumptions or mythologies that liken deities to flawed human character, God's self-revelation is distinct and reliable. His form is not a temporary or convenient manifestation but a true aspect of His being, as Jesus Christ Himself demonstrated post-resurrection in Luke 24:36-40, showing a spiritual body with flesh and bones, solid to the touch, yet not of earthly composition. Further, in John 5:37, Jesus confirms that the Father has a form visible to the eye and a voice audible to the ear, though not yet witnessed by those He addressed. The descent of the Holy Spirit in bodily form in Luke 3:22 also underscores that spiritual entities possess visible shape. Paul, in I Corinthians 15:35-49, supports this by discussing spiritual bodies, affirming that just as there are natural bodies, there are celestial ones, and believers will bear the image of the heavenly Man, reflecting God's form. The usage of "icon" in the New Testament, as in I Corinthians 11:7 and II Corinthians 4:4, denotes a direct relationship and resemblance to God, much like a reflection or a prototype derived from the original. This consistent biblical language across both Testaments, whether referring to God or to idols, points to an outward, bodily form and shape, not merely an abstract or moral likeness. Thus, God's revelation of Himself as having a body stands as a clear and undeniable truth in His inspired Word.

Image and Likeness of God (Part Three)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The following is a concise rewrite of the sections from the provided material that focus on 'God's Body,' maintaining the original tone and focusing on the descriptions and implications as they relate to the broader context of understanding God's nature and substance. Only complete sentences are included, and HTML italic tags are used for non-English words or phrases. Personal pronouns referring to God or Jesus Christ are capitalized, while those referring to Satan or related entities are not. —- The invisible attributes of God are clearly seen through creation, revealing His eternal power and divine nature. God is Spirit, as stated in John 4:24, yet nowhere does Scripture deny that He has a body. He is perfect, immortal, infinite, immutable, self-existing, omnipotent, omniscient, invisible, impartial, absolutely holy, just, full of knowledge, wisdom, and unending power, sufficient to provide for His entire creation. Like any person, He has names and titles that identify Him as a specific individual. He is described with physical attributes such as a head, hair, face, arms, fingers, hands, waist, loins, eyes, eyelids, nostrils, ears, mouth, lips, tongue, breath, feet, and back parts, implying front parts as well. He speaks of His heart, rests without tiring, feels emotions, eats, drinks, and is cheered by wine, as noted in Judges 9. He laughs, gets angry, speaks in a still small voice, and roars from Zion. As a Man, He wept. He moves from place to place in a body, rides in a vehicle, walks, plants, works, and lives in a spiritual place called heaven. Scriptures consistently portray God with substance, not as an essence or abstract power. Hebrews 1:3 describes Jesus Christ as the express image of God's person, using the word hypostasis, meaning substance or reality, indicating that when we see Jesus, we see God's real being. After His resurrection, Christ invited His disciples to touch Him, as recorded in Luke 24:39, saying a spirit does not have flesh and bones as He does, affirming His solidity. He could appear and disappear, pass through material barriers, and alter perceptions, yet He remained tangible. This suggests that God has a spirit body with parts, a truth supported by numerous clear scriptures. God also speaks of possessing a soul, as in Hebrews 10:38, where He says, "My soul has no pleasure in him," reflecting the seat of His feelings. In Leviticus 26:11 and 26:30, His soul is described as either not abhorring or abhorring, showing emotional depth. Isaiah 42:1 states that His soul delights in His Servant, the Messiah. Similarly, He speaks of His Spirit as a personal possession, as in Isaiah 30:1, where plans are devised not of His Spirit, using the word ruach, meaning invisible force or power. Psalm 143:10 describes His Spirit as good, leading in uprightness. These references to soul and Spirit reveal God as a being with deep feelings and mind power, distinct yet relatable to mankind, who is made in His image and likeness. Spiritual substance is as real as natural substance, though of a higher type of matter governed by higher laws. Descriptions of God show Him in specific locations at specific times, sitting, standing, walking, talking, eating, drinking, and commanding. There is no mention of extraordinary size, suggesting He is of ordinary stature, and when He became a man, nothing notable distinguished Him except His character and teaching. This understanding of God's body as spirit yet substantial challenges notions of Him as a universal nothingness or abstract power filling space, affirming instead His personal and tangible presence within creation. —-

Image and Likeness of God (Part Four)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

God is Spirit, an invisible force or power whose substance, like air or wind, remains imperceptible to unaided human eyes yet fully real. Spirit beings therefore possess tangible form and can be perceived only when that capacity is specially granted. God's body consists of flesh and bone composed of spirit rather than matter; it is immortal, perfect, and self-existent. This body is not an abstract mind or universal essence but a concrete, localized reality. Scripture repeatedly ascribes to it the same parts and faculties found in human beings—hair, eyes, ears, mouth, hands, arms, loins, legs, and feet—because humanity was created in God's image and likeness. These descriptions are not figures of speech that deny bodily existence; rather, every figure presupposes an underlying reality. God therefore occupies one place at one time, sitting, standing, walking, traveling in vehicles with wheels, eating, drinking, and ruling from a definite location, most often identified as heaven. No passage states that His body is everywhere simultaneously. His omnipresence is accomplished instead through the projection of His Spirit, which creates union with those who receive and obey His word. This union allows God to be present in many gatherings while His body remains in one place, and it forms the practical basis for the oneness Christ prayed His followers would share with the Father and the Son.

Image and Likeness of God (Part Five)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

God possesses a body of substance with the same parts as a human body, including eyes and ears that He actively employs to gather information. He is located in one specific place at any given time, most often in heaven, from which He operates and to which prayer is directed. This bodily presence means He is not omnibody or diffused everywhere at once. Instead, He moves about personally when necessary, coming down to observe events such as the building of the tower of Babel or the conditions in Sodom and Gomorrah, and He sees the wickedness of humanity directly with His own eyes. His eyes run to and fro throughout the earth, watching the ways of people, testing hearts and minds through circumstances He creates or permits, and weighing actions to render judgment according to deeds. This localized bodily existence connects to the broader theme of omnipresence because God achieves awareness and involvement across creation not through an all-pervading body but through delegated angelic beings who report to Him after patrolling the earth and through His own focused attention on any chosen point. The same principle of relationship and union that strengthens His presence in the lives of those who obey also underscores that His bodily form remains distinct and singular while His governance extends through agents and direct inspection.

The Glory of God (Part 1): The Shekinah

Sermon by Richard T. Ritenbaugh

The material presents God as possessing a definite human-like form and substance rather than existing solely as an amorphous or abstract presence. Elders of Israel beheld His feet resting on sapphire pavement clear as the heavens, confirming that He appeared with recognizable bodily features including legs and feet. This visible manifestation occurred alongside the cloud and fire, showing that the Shekinah served as clothing for the divine Person rather than replacing Him. Multiple accounts record God walking in the garden with Adam and Eve, eating a meal with Abraham, wrestling through the night with Jacob, and standing as a commander before Joshua, each time assuming tangible human shape. Such appearances establish that humankind was created after the God-kind in outline and proportion, though not in substance. The rabbis later sought to eliminate this corporality by confining the Shekinah strictly to the cloud and fire above the mercy seat, thereby reducing God to an ethereal voice without personal reality. The material counters that limitation by showing the pillar of cloud and fire as temporary representations that allowed Israel to perceive the One who possesses actual form. This bodily presence guided the nation through the wilderness for forty years and later entered the tabernacle and temple, filling them with glory. In the New Testament the same divine Person became flesh, tabernacling among humanity so that witnesses beheld His glory full of grace and truth. The indwelling Spirit now places that same personal presence within believers, making them the temple where the living God resides. Thus the visible majesty once seen in cloud and fire continues as Christ dwelling in the saints, leading them toward the Promised Land while preserving the reality of God's bodily form.

The Holy Spirit and the Trinity (Part One)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The material presents God's body as the spiritual reality of intimate unity between believers and Jesus Christ, formed through the Holy Spirit as the essence of the divine mind. This unity arises when the Father joins His Spirit directly to the spirit of man, creating a connection so close that the two function as one. The believer becomes a cell within Christ's body, with the result that whatever affects one member affects the whole. This relationship exceeds even the closeness of physical union, because it joins minds rather than merely bodies, allowing the Father's thoughts, attitudes, and character to transfer into the human mind. The development begins with the recognition that spirit, whether divine or human, remains invisible and is known only by its effects. When the Spirit of God interfaces with the spirit in man, a begettal occurs that places the individual inside Christ. The material links this directly to the rejection of any third person in a supposed trinity, showing instead that the Father and the Son themselves dwell within the believer. The same principle explains why actions performed toward the least of Christ's brethren are counted as done to Him. This understanding of God's body ties into the larger message that God is a Family rather than a closed trinitarian Godhead. The Spirit serves as the means by which the Father reproduces His own mind and life within His children, preparing them for inheritance in the Kingdom and marriage to Christ. The unity of the body therefore demonstrates the practical outworking of the divine plan: the invisible essence of God's mind produces visible fruit of love, obedience, and shared life among those who have been called.

Lying to the Holy Spirit

'Ready Answer' by Richard T. Ritenbaugh

The nature of God's body forms a key part of the argument concerning the Holy Spirit's identity in the account of Ananias and Sapphira. In addressing Trinitarian claims that Peter's rebuke to Ananias proves the Holy Spirit is a divine Person, the case is made that no verse anywhere in Scripture depicts the Holy Spirit as possessing a humanlike shape. This stands in stark contrast to the revealed nature of the Father and the Son, both of whom are shown to have body parts like man and are depicted as sitting on thrones. The Spirit, by comparison, is consistently described through impersonal imagery—wind, oil, fire, and water—never through a bodily human form. The only exception offered is the descent of the Spirit in the form of a dove at Christ's baptism, and even this is disputed by some who argue that the Spirit merely descended in a visible manner like a dove rather than actually taking that shape. Regardless, a dove's form and a man's form have never been confused with one another, reinforcing that the Spirit's appearance is fundamentally unlike that of the Father or the Son. This distinction connects directly to the broader teaching that man was created in the image and likeness of God, meaning humanity bears a resemblance to God's own form. Christ affirms this principle when He indicates that to see Him is to see the Father, implying a shared, recognizable form between them. If the Holy Spirit were truly a third Person within a Godhead equal to the Father and the Son, it would logically also possess this same humanlike form, just as they do. Yet the Spirit is never shown in Scripture with such a shape, at best being associated only with the fleeting image of a dove in a single scriptural instance. This absence of a consistent, humanlike bodily form for the Holy Spirit is presented as significant evidence against the claim that it constitutes a distinct divine Being within a Trinity. This point works together with other observations to build the case that the Holy Spirit is not a person but rather the power, mind, and agency of God at work in and through believers. The apostles' language describing the Spirit—being poured out, stirred up, or acting in ways typically associated with impersonal forces—mirrors how Scripture personifies other non-personal realities such as sin, death, and the law, without implying they possess actual personhood or bodily form. Ultimately, the lack of a humanlike body for the Holy Spirit, when weighed against the clear bodily depictions of the Father and the Son, supports the conclusion that Peter's words to Ananias must be understood in light of the whole of Scripture rather than as an isolated proof text for Trinitarian doctrine.

The Father-Son Relationship (Part One)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The Father is the source of everything and the Son is the channel through which He carries out His purpose. Jesus declared that the Father is superior to Him.

The Covenants, Grace, and Law (Part One)

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh

The doctrinal changes made by the Worldwide Church of God have devastating ramifications. Predictably, when the vision was changed, God's law was cast aside.

Our Divine Destiny

Sermon by John W. Ritenbaugh (1932-2023)

God's called-ones have been given the ability to decipher the scattered concepts, revealing the purpose of their destiny throughout the Scriptures.