Grapes, first mentioned in Genesis, become associated with wine making, process, growth, abundance, and potential pleasure. The cluster of grapes brought back from the Valley of Eschol represents Canaan's fertility. Amos 9:13 depict the fertility and productivity of the Millennium with grape imagery. Deuteronomy 28 pictures infertility through blighted grape imagery brought about through sin and rebellion. Because of Israel's trajectory of sin, the imagery of grapes begins to take on a sinister and judgmental cast throughout the rest of the prophecies culminating in the wrath and the judgment of God administered by Christ. Oppressors of the poor are storing up wrath for themselves.